Although effective treatments are now available for patients with neovascular AMD (choroidal neovascularization, CNV), many of these patients appear to eventually lose vision due to the development of geographic atrophy (GA). AMD is the leading cause of blindness in people aged 65 and older in the western world 5. In terms of vision and blindness in the United States, the three most important diseases are age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma 2, 3, 4. In the setting of retinal or optic nerve disease, the retinal layer thickness may be affected either locally or globally, depending on the specific disease. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) is a three-dimensional (3-D), in vivo imaging technique that permits direct visualization of retinal morphology and architecture 1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a validated algorithm for the automated segmentation of the retinal layers including early AMD features of RPD and regular drusen separately on SD-OCT images. This algorithm achieves a mean difference that is within the subpixel accuracy range drusen and RPD, alongside the other 11 retinal layers, highlighting the high robustness of this algorithm for this dataset. More specifically, a shortest-path algorithm enhanced with probability maps generated through a fully convolutional neural network was used to segment drusen and RPD, as well as 11 retinal layers in SD-OCT volumes. We developed an approach to automatically segment retinal layers associated with regular drusen and RPD in spectral domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. Advances in imaging have expanded the phenotype of AMD to include another extracellular deposit, reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) (also termed subretinal drusenoid deposits, SDD), which are located above the RPE. Regular drusen, an accumulation of material below the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), have long been established as a hallmark early feature of nonneovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
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